00:00 | Disc One: Sea of Cortez |
01:40 | Search for hammerhead sharks (hunted for shark-fin soup) |
12:10 | Dolphins |
13:20 | California Sea Lions |
17:10 |
Fish otolith (ear bone) reveal Los Islotes sea lions have adapted to deep water diet (> 70 m) |
07:00 |
Hydrothermal vent in shallow water, can boil eggs Bay of Conception split from San Andreas Fault |
24:00 | Humboldt Squid now the top predator; cannibalistic; communicate by flashing |
35:30 | Chinese ship sunk for reef |
44:00 | Sperm Whales dive for 40 minutes at a time (2,000 meters) |
49:50 | Use small helicopter to sample Sperm Whale breath (for bacteria) |
59:00 | Disc One: Southern Ocean |
1:03:15 | Giant Kelp no longer a forest, can grow 1/2 m. a day, up to 30 m. water is at 14 degrees C, at upper limit. east coast of Tasmania |
1:07:00 |
Black Sea Urchins cover rocks, feed on baby Giant Kelp, drawn in by warming water |
1:10:00 |
Weedy Seadrogon adapted to Kelp forest |
1:24:00 | Brachiopod fossils identical to those found in Antarctica |
1:31:00 | 75,000 convicts shipped to Tasmania from Britain. |
1:32:00 |
Sea Fan (Sea Whip) |
1:35:30 |
Basket Star climbs on Sea Whip to feed |
1:36:00 |
Draughtboard Shark egg case with embryo tied to Sea Whips Sunken Valley (Bathurst Channel) red water from tannins from shore |
1:38:00 |
Maori Octopus stranded and die in silty Eaglehawk Bay |
1:43:00 |
Sea Pens withdraw into sediment to escape from sea slug predator |
1:46:30 |
Brown Fur Seal recovering from almost extinction |
1:50:00 |
Western Rock Lobsters re-introduced to control urchins, restore urchin barren |
2:00:00 | Disc One: Red Sea |
2:05:00 | Tooni and Philippe touch African and Arabian plates |
2:12:00 | Obsidian tool indicates ancient human activity 125 KYA |
2:16:00 | Red Sea temperatures up to 34 degrees C, but corals thrive here. |
2:20:00 | Coral-algae are temperature sensitive - bleaching |
2:21:00 | Search for heat-tolerant algae, Eritrea |
2:20:00 | Egyptian bread baked in sand |
2:24:30 |
Coral fluorescence protect from Sun damage |
2:33:00 | Italian cargo ship Umbria sunken on purpose to evade British during WW II |
2:38:00 |
Jacques Cousteau's Conshelf underwater village |
2:46:00 |
Scalloped Hammerhead no longer abundant |
2:47:50 |
Gray Reef Sharks swim in packs |
2:48:50 | Ball of
Barracudas |
2:50:10 |
Indo-Pacific Sailfish are fastest fish |
2:52:10 |
Silky Shark |
2:52:10 | Distant sighting of school of 30
Scalloped Hammerheads |
00:00 | Disc Two: Atlantic Ocean |
05:00 |
Black hole in Bahamas |
09:00 | Purple sulfur bacteria release hydrogen sulfide, warms water, blocks oxygen: similar to early water 3.5 BYA |
16:30 |
Stromatolites cyanobacteria built up oxygen |
21:30 |
Lionfish are voracious invasive from Pacific |
26:30 |
Search for Lucayan ancient civilization: burial cave |
34:00 | Gulf Stream |
37:00 | HMS Southampton shipwreck near Conception Island |
48:00 |
Tiger Shark caught unintentionally by commercial fishing; long line hooks use shark repellent |
52:00 | Distilled dead shark tissue used as repellent for Blacktip Shark, Caribbean Reef Shark |
1:00:00 | Disc Two: Indian Ocean |
1:05:00 |
Manta Ray has eyes at sides, cannot see shark attack from rear |
1:05:00 |
Yellow Longnose Butterflyfish and
Moon Wrasse clean infected tissue |
1:15:00 | Juvenile
Blacktip Reef Shark fin sliced for shark fin soup (Pomene, Mozambique; sharks sent to Maputo) |
1:15:00 |
Argo float gathers weather data (temperature, salinity, depth) (British Met Office) |
1:27:00 | Zanzibar |
1:30:00 |
Crown-of-Thorns Starfish devours corals; can survive cutting in half |
1:33:00 |
Coral nubbins grow in artificial nursery |
1:48:00 |
Dugong |
2:00:00 | Disc Two: Indian Ocean coasts: Spice Islands |
2:03:00 | fracture in submerged cliffs: Pemba African Rift |
2:04:55 |
Sea Goldie |
2:05:00 |
Mimic Blenny |
2:05:02 |
Twoband Anemonefish |
2:06:00 |
Green Tree Coral grows in shade of cliff; no algae |
2:11:00 |
Favia Coral |
2:11:05 |
Acropora Coral open up at night to feed |
2:13:00 |
Slow growing brain coral fights larger, faster growing table coral |
2:15:30 |
South to Zanzibar |
2:21:40 | Coral grows at 1 cm/year, affected by temperature, revealed by |
2:21:50 |
coral core |
2:27:00 |
Robber Crab (Coconut Crab) )is largest land crab in world (up to 4 KG) |
2:33:50 |
Scorpionfish |
2:33:55 |
Yellow Boxfish |
2:34:00 |
Hermit Crab Spice Islands |
2:35:30 |
Reunion Seahorse is prized in medicinal trade; female has banded body; males have smooth brooding pouch |
2:42:30 | 1872 cyclone pulverized coastal village Ras Kisimani; celadon ceramic is from ancient China |
2:50:30 |
Mobula Ray |
2:51:30 |
Whale Shark can weigh up to 35 tons; skin is thickest of any animal on earth over-hunted |
00:00 | Disc Three: Mediterranean Sea Straits of Messina |
13:30 |
John Dory |
14:30 |
Sixgill Shark has 6 gills like ancient shark 200 MYA (most sharks have 5) |
19:00 |
Secchi disk measures clarity: clear blue water of Mediterranean indicates low plankton |
20:40 |
Ferdinandea underwater volcano erupted 1831 (collision of African and European plates) |
23:00 | seamount a magnet for marine life, but no open water fish like sardines, tuna, grouper (harvested by fishermen) |
00:00 |
Atlantic Bluefin Tuna herded into
tuna farm |
29:45 | Roman cargo shipwreck, monitored by CCTV to prevent theft of amphorae, Egadi Islands |
35:30 |
Mallorca underground flooded cave systems: halocline indicates connection to sea: stalactites and stalagmites indicate sea level used to be lower |
43:30 | Great White Shark come to give birth, feed on pelagic fish in nutrient-rich Sicilian channels, Lampedusa |
47:20 |
Grouper |
58:00 | Disc Three: Arctic Ocean |
1:04:00 | Svalbard Islands midway between North Pole and tip of Norway |
1:12:00 | Pack ice forms from frozen sea ice, getting thinner |
1:20:30 | Spring bloom of amphipods and copepods |
1:27:00 |
Amphipods feed on Copepods and store fat |
1:30:00 | Dutch whaling settlements Smeerenburg (Blubbertown) |
1:33:30 |
Bowhead Whale (Greenland Right Whale) floats when killed, easy prey |
1:37:30 |
Bearded Seal is largest arctic seal, has red head from rooting on iron-rich bottom |
1:40:00 | Beluga Whales also hunted, have no dorsal fins |
1:42:00 | Isfjorden shaped by glaciers |
1:44:00 |
Soft corals have no algae, can survive dark arctic winter |
1:45:30 | Kelp garden includes Arctic Kelp |
1:47:00 | Atlantic
Walrus latin name means tooth-walking seahorse: hunted to almost extinction, weigh up to 2 tons, can consume 50 KG clams per day |